Nail extractor



Dec. 5, 1950 A. ALVAREZ VAZQUEZ mm. sxmc'roa Filed June 14, 1947 O 71 158 I 9 13910 172 11 Zi a/Z i 1 @1/ @14. IJ5. F

Patented Dec. 5, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application June 14, 1947, Serial No. 754,694 In Argentina June 21, 1946 4 Claims.

Many means are known to extract nails, tacks and hooks of every kind which are used'in assembling of wooden pieces. These means are most variable and extend from the most rudimentary (chisel and hammer) to other more improved means. But a common drawback is a risk of damaging the contents of the casin or other packing means especially in case the contents are fragile ware. On the other'hand, they cause the pieces of wood to chip or to splinter and make them unfit for further use. Moreover the pulled out nails are twisted or damaged and'are also not fit for further utilisation. Finally, this conventional process of nail extraction involves the production of disagreeable noise.

My present invention has for its object to remedy all these drawbacks and to create a tool which can be manipulated by one hand only, the other hand being available for exerting a pressure on the piece from which the nails are to be drawn, for maintaining it in its position and rendering the work more easy. Moreover, the construction of the tool is very simple and the members the most liable to wear out are interchangeable in a rapid, easy and inexpensive way.

In this way a tool capable of a very long utilisation is obtained.

Referring to the drawings which show a form of embodiment of a tool according to the invention:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the tool,

Fig. 2 is a top plan view.

Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a side elevation view and a plan view of one of the teeth acting directly on the nails to be extracted.

Figs. 5 to 17 are views of the various separate parts which are assembled to produce the device shown in Figs. 1 and 2. These views are referred to below where the separate parts are described.

The tool comprises two main branches of iron, steel or any suitable material articulated to one another as in pincers. One of these branches which forms the base or the supporting piece is constituted by a bar I of oblong section and provided with a tapered end fitting into the recess of a handle 2. Two views of this bar are shown in Figs. 5 and 6. V

The other extremity of bar I has the shape of a jaw 3 slightly curved towards one side and provided with an axial bore for the reception of a tooth 4 which will be described hereinafter. This tooth is fixed by means of a lateral tightenin screw 5.

The other branch of the pincers is formed by a bar 6, shown in Figs. 7 and 8, of oblong sec.

tion articulated between two axle-bearings 1, shown in Figs. 14 and 15, which project upwardly from both sides of bar I to which they are fixedly connected. The front end of bar 6 is terminated by a jaw 8 which is curved in the direction of the jaw 3 and which is provided also with an axial bore for the reception of a tooth 4 fastened by a lateral tightening screw 9.

The back extremity of bar 6 is prolongated by two lateral axle-bearings l0, shown in Figs. 9 and 10, which are arranged about at rightangles with respect to bar I and which extend beyond the latter behind the axle-bearings 1. Between the ends of both axle-:bearings I0 is freely mounted a bearing roller ll, shown in Figs. 12 and 13.

I Between bars I and 6 and under the pivoting axle [2 (shown in Fig. 16) of the upper jaw, the two axle-bearings I are connected together by means of a cross-piece 13, shown in Fig. 17, on which is wound a spring coil 14, shown in Fig. 11, the extremities of which are "formed by two branches bearing on the inner faces of both jaws.

The teeth 4 (Figs. 3 and 4) are each formed by a rod of circular shape of steel with high resistance or of any other suitable material one end of which is cut to provide a notch, as shown in Fig. 4. The teeth could have notches at both ends. The notch in the teeth 4 is formed with sides which areto engage with the shank and the head of the nail to be extracted. To that end it is obvious that both teeth must be suitably set in their respective bores in both jaws.

The apparatus works in the following manner:

The handle 2 is seized for instance by the operators right hand and his left hand holds the piece from which the nails are to be removed. The lower jaw is brought to the nail to be extracted, by pushing it downwards in a slightly inclined direction so that the branches of the lower tooth tend to penetrate for instance in the wood under the nail-head. The tool is now held in this position with the lower tooth engaged and the handle is lowered. It results that the roller H comes into contact with the upper part of the piece and is supported by the latter. The handle is further lowered so that the roller is caused to roll on the work piece in direction of this handle if the axle-bearings In have been suitably set. The axle-bearings [0 follow the movement and conseouentlv cause the whole of the upper branch of the pincers to rock around the axle 12 in an anti-clockwise sense as viewed in Fi 1. The u per tooth 4 is thereby brought p t th h ad of the nail to be extracted and its position and orientation are such that it also penetrates in the wood and engages by its branches the head of the nail on the side opposite to that engaged by the lower tooth.

The nail extraction takes place afterwards under the pressure exerted downwardly on the handle 2, the whole of the pincers rocking around the axle-ofthe-roller H as afulcrum.

It willbe observed that the more the pressure exerted on the tool handle is increased, the more the roller has a tendency to move back. The I'B'.--

sult is an increased tightening on the nail to be extracted. On the other hand, the distance-be tween the nail and the bearingpointoithe roller on the workpiece increases proportionally to the increase in the pressure exerted on*the=handle -so* be provided .with'ribs such' as in the files in order to allow them to better grip the'nail's to bee tracted. Means permitting an easy interchangeability and replacement of the members liable. to. wearoutcan be provided. To that end.the.

branches of the pincers may be formedoffseveral' members assembled together ina suitable manner; for instance loy means ofldove-tailljoints.

Finally, the pincers maybe provided with a joining hook for" the jaws permitting the latter to'be held in a tightening position on the nail to be extracted? This hook could be. provided on the" lower branch in front'of the axle-bearings I. andbeengaged in a" hole or a grooveformedcin' jaw 81 This hook could" also. be" operated-by a. link-connected to the handle.

Whati clainris:

11A nail and spike extractor comprising in combination a" first substantially" rectilinear lever;;-a"handle provided at oneendofsaid'first lever ai'tooth'provided at the other. end'" of said firstl'everya pair'ofbearings; a pairof spaced supports forsaid bearings; said suppcrtsibein'g carried by saidfii'st'levcr and projecting-therefrom; an axle-maintained said bearinga the said axlebeing arranged at right angles with respect'to said bearings; a secondlever' pivoted on said axle, the-said second lever'havinga first substantially rectilinear portion and having a second portionconnected to therear end of'said first portion and extending therefrom substantially at right angles and being directed toward said first lever and extending beyond the same; a jaw provided at the front end of said first portion of said second lever, the said jaw curving toward said first lever; and a roller mounted for free rotation on the rear end of said second portionof thesecond lever.

2.? A nail. and. spike: extractor: comprising in combination a first substantially rectilinear lever; aahandle provided at one end of said first lever; a tooth provided at the other end of said first lever; apair of bearings; a pair of spaced supports-forv saidbearings, said supports being carried by said first lever and projecting therefrom; an axle-'maintained in said bearings, the said axle being arranged at right angles with respect to said-bearings; a second lever pivoted on said axle, the said second lever having a first substantially rectilinear. portion. and. having a second portion connectedlto, the rear. end off said first. portion and extendingtherefrom substantially at. right angles andibeingdirected toward said'first lever. and,'extending beyondthe same; a-jaw provided at the front end of "said first portion of said second' lever, the said jaw curving toward said first lever; a. roller mounted'for free rotation on the rear. end of said second portion of the second leverga cross piece disposed intermediately ofthe saidspaced supports of said bearings; and a leaf spring wound on said cross piece andhaving two extremities each of which. bears on the inner face of one of;said'levers..

31 A nail" and .spike extractor constructedjin' accordance withclaim 1 wherein said'toothjs in the form ofa rod'made of a hard. material. and has a1 tapering centrally notched front 4: A: mail and spike extractor" constructedin accordance with claim 1 wherein said other end of said. first lever is provided with mounting means for releasably holdingisaid tooth so that the samemay be" interchanged at will.

AMABLE ALVAREZ VAZ'QUEZI Bradshaw Mar: 17, 1908 Aiazzi Oct.,19', 1915 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great'Brita-in of 1903 Switzerland Feb. 1, I938 Number N umber 

